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20 August 2016, Volume 35 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Bridge & Tunnel Engineering
Highway & Railway Engineering
Port & Waterway · Hydraulic & Hydroelectric · Resources & Environment
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Bridge & Tunnel Engineering

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Pattern Recognition and Separation of Elastic Wave Propagating in Circular Rod Based on Two-dimension Fourier Transform QIAN Ji，CHEN Xin，ZHU Hanrong 2016, 35(4): 1-5.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.01 Abstract ( )   PDF (1624KB) ( )   The process of sound-transmitted elastic wave propagating in high strength steel wire was simulated by finite element method. By picking the vibration time history curves of different position nodes to form a two-dimensional amplitude sequence, the contour map of frequency-wave number was obtained by the two-dimension Fourier transform, and compared with the theoretical value finally. The results show that the finite element method can accurately simulate the propagation of elastic wave in high strength steel wire, and the stress cloud images at different propagation time clearly reflect the reflection and superposition effect. Frequency-wave number map based on the two-dimensional Fourier transform is in good agreement with the theoretical value, which can be used to effectively recognize and separate the coupled waveform pattern, and thus simplify the complex problems. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on ARMA-GM Combined Time-series Model for Structural State Prediction of Bridges LI Xiuyun，HUANG Shuo，YANG Wenwei,TAN Chaoying 2016, 35(4): 6-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.02 Abstract ( )   PDF (1897KB) ( )   The bridge health monitored data contained the information indicating the structural state changes of bridges. The method for structural state prediction by analyzing the data feature variations has drawn the attention in engineering and academic field. To overcome the weakness of single time-series model of ARMA and Grey-relation model of GM(1,1) in the structural state prediction, a combined time-series model of ARMA-GM was proposed to describe the mathematical relationship between the former and later monitored data series, and to achieve the prediction of the values monitored in a future period. The experiment results show that the proposed combined model demonstrated better stability and higher prediction accuracy than the single model when the prediction step is lengthened.Consequently the proposed combined model can provide the valuable predicting data for structural safety assessment of bridges. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Corroded Cable Evaluation Based on Gray Image Analysis YAO Guowen,CHEN Xuesong，ZHONG Li 2016, 35(4): 10-12.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.03 Abstract ( )   PDF (2358KB) ( )   Currently a quantitative technical standard is in short to assess the technical conditions of corroded stays of cable-stayed bridge.For the purpose of the different corrosion degree of parallel cables a quantitative evaluation method based on surface image gray scale was provided to analyze the condition of corrosion cables and MATLAB software was applied to analyze gray scale of V-grade steel and finally a criteria for gray scale and corrosion ratio evaluation of rusty cables wascreated. This given criteria provides a basis for the assessment of technical condition assessment of corrosion cable in cable-stayed bridge. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional Static and Seismic Finite Element Simulation and Analysis of Foding Palace Mine Pit ZHANG Julian, LIANG Zhirong, LI Wei 2016, 35(4): 13-19.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.04 Abstract ( )   PDF (1811KB) ( )   The first domestic existing pit-Foding palace mine pit slope under static state and seismic condition was simulated and analyzed by three dimensional finite element. Some results were obtained that after which cutting or reinforcement with anchor cable(rod), the maximum displacement all occurred on the slope top and the surface was filled with soil, residual soil and highly weathered rock; the maximum stress all occurred in the depth inside slope and the maximum shear stress occurred at interface between slope toe and ground. The acceleration response is in trend of expanding with increase of slope height and the surface soil acceleration response expanded significantly. Under limit state condition, the generalized plastic strain area concentrated on slope top and surface. Under static loading case, with anchor cable(rod) reinforcement, the maximum side slope displacement was reduced by 11.9%~28.4%, stress decrease by 11.9%~28.4%, 5.6%~67.1% respectively while slope safety factor increased by 34.5% compared with the condition without support, all of which showed strong strengthening effect of anchor cable(rod). Under seismic condition, compared with static condition, maximum displacement was increased by 3.03~19.73 times, main stress was increased by 6.5%~146.7%, maximum shear stress was increased by 168.4%~474.6%, safety factor was decreased by 0.6%~23.1%. Under major earthquake condition, compared with small earthquake condition, slope surface acceleration peak and magnification was increased by 15.04~27.00 folds and 1.44~1.93 folds respectively. The calculation results from applying earthquake on the mine pit from initial north-south and later east-west directions respectively show that the former generated greater seismic displacement and dynamic stress than the latter and the former safety factor was less than the latter indicating that the earthquake striking from pit longer axis direction is worse than that striking from shorter axis to slope stability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Multi-parameter Fuzzy Control Algorithm of Highway Tunnel Ventilation System ZHANG Xiaosong, JIN Tao, LIN Dong 2016, 35(4): 20-24.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.05 Abstract ( )   PDF (1189KB) ( )   In order to solve the problems of high energy consumption and low intelligence in tunnel ventilation system, it was proposed that using fuzzy control algorithm for achieving the target of controlling tunnel ventilation intelligently in advance, according to the sequence of change and trends in smoke concentration data, which is predicted in multiple consecutive time in the future based on the parameters of smoke concentration, vehicle flow, and wind speed. The simulation results prove that the fuzzy control algorithm can adjust the number of working fans by the change and trends in smoke concentration data compared with step control method, which can avoid frequent start-stop of fans because of the influence of individual sample and also extend the service life of fans. The method for controlling fans in advance by the result of prediction can improve the environment of tunnel, shorten total working time of fans, save energy and reduce the operating cost of tunnel. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Highway & Railway Engineering

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Mechanics Analysis and Disease Prevention of the Pavement Around Inspection Well Using ABAQUS WEI Lianyu，LI Hao,MA Xinwei 2016, 35(4): 25-28.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.06 Abstract ( )   PDF (2257KB) ( )   Taking the Tianjin expressway as the research example, the finite element software abaqus was used to establish the finite element structure analysis model of the inspection well surroundings to analyze the force bearing characteristics and the variation of pull stress, compression stress and shear stress surround the inspection well .The results showed that: during the process of the vehicle passing to and from the surrounding area, the top compressive stress and the underlying tensile stress of concrete wells circle firstly increased and then decreased. Setting a certain number of steel skeleton in concrete wells circle helps concrete undertake tensile stress caused by the vehicle load and avoids underlying tensile stress damages. It will provids a great reference value to the inspection well structure design, its surrounding disease prevention and the manhole construction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Finite Element Analysis of Arch-shaped Steel Corrugated Tubular Culvert LI Zhulong,CAO Biao , LIANG Yanghui , JIANG Tao, GUO Liyuan 2016, 35(4): 29-34.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.07 Abstract ( )   PDF (2608KB) ( )   In order to expand the application of corrugated steel tubular culvert, a computation analysis on the loading deformation of arch-shaped steel corrugated tubular culvert was carried out by a reasonable mechanical finite element model established by use of large-scaled finite element analysis software. The law of loading deformation of the arch-shaped steel corrugated tubular culvert was obtained by finite element analysis. Among the finite element models set up, the variation law of surrounding equivalent stress, maximum equivalent stress, lateral movement, vertical displacement of the arch-shaped steel corrugated tube under the forces of filling height acting on different vault radian were computed by imposing loads of rating I for highway. Thus the optimal tube shape was determined , which is practical and important and may guide the development and application of the arch-shaped steel corrugated tubular culvert. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Microstructure Analysis of the Reacted and Activated Rubber Asphalt Binder ZHU Haoran,CAI Haiquan,LI Feng,YAN Jinhai, 2016, 35(4): 35-39.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.08 Abstract ( )   PDF (1314KB) ( )   The compatibility, the distribution, the ingredients, the molecular structure and the mechanism of the reacted and activated rubber(RAR) asphalt binder were studied and analyzed in detail, through such relevant special micro experiments as the differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), the scanning electron microscopy(SEM), four-component analysis and the infrared spectrum(IR) and the modification mechanism of RAR was studied in combination with the change regularity of regular performance of asphalt binder. The results show that the RAR is well compatible with common road matrix asphalt, thus forming a stable and uniform blend system, within which the active mineral, the particular ingredient of the RAR, linking with the rubber particles through organic polymer chain are distributed within asphalt, thus forming an interconnected network structure. This way, the RAR can significantly improve the high temperature performance of the asphalt binder. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Polyester Fiber Content and Asphalt Content’s Impact on the Road Performance of High RAP Content Asphalt Mixture ZHOU Gang, LI Peiguo, CHEN Tianquan, WANG Huoming, SHEN Jinsheng 2016, 35(4): 40-46.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.09 Abstract ( )   PDF (2569KB) ( )   The road performance was studied on the high temperature stability, low temperature cracking resistance and water stability of the fiber recycled asphalt mixture with the high RAP content result from polyester fiber content and asphalt content through the wheel rutting test, freeze-thaw split test and small beam bend test.The results have guiding significance on the method of increasing recycled asphalt mixture road performance.In terms of the relative effect of the fiber itself,high temperature stability of asphalt mixture was affected by more asphalt thickness and free asphalt content.A reasonable proportion of fiber and asphalt was the most critical factor in low temperature performance and water stability performance of asphalt mixture.In contrast,the impact strength of the fiber itself was very limited on low temperature performance and water stability performance of asphalt mixture.When asphalt comtent exceeded the optimum the ratio of asphalt and stone,it doesnot necessarily improve the low temperature performance and water stability performance of asphalt mixture, and further may be adversely affected for the increasing of asphalt content and asphalt thickness. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Orthogonal Experiment Analysis of Multiple Factors Influence on Asphalt Mixture Voids LI Linping，HU Bangyan，ZHANG Fei，YU Jiang 2016, 35(4): 47-51.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.10 Abstract ( )   PDF (1073KB) ( )   Mineral grading design was performed according to the grading fractal theory, in which the coarse grading fractal dimension Dc, fine grading fractal dimension Df and the dosage ratio for coarse and fine grading, asphalt-aggregate ratio and compaction times were taken as factors influencing void ratio of asphalt mixture. Thus the test for analysis was conducted by the orthogonal method to find out their influencing degree on void ratio of asphalt mixture and void change regularity so as to provide basis for optimizing design of mix proportion of asphalt mixture. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Stability of Slope Product Section MAO Xuesong, LIU Longqi, ZHANG Haining, WANG Liyun, ZHU Fengjie 2016, 35(4): 52-55.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.11 Abstract ( )   PDF (1102KB) ( )   The stability of the slope product is analyzed. Slope product was divided into the colluvial slope product, the residual slope product and the alluvial slope product as per its formation, which were defined respectively. By analyzing the material composition, mechanical properties and related characteristics of the colluvial slope product, the residual slope product and the alluvial slope product, the types of the common roadbed diseases caused by them were obtained. By using the multi factor orthogonal experiment and Flac3D finite element numerical simulation method, the half filling and half digging roadbed slope stability model was established to analyze the influence of slope height, slope angle and soil parameters on the stability of the slope. Finally, the factors affecting the slope were concluded: filling viscous cohesion C1 > subgrade height H > fill soil friction angle Φ1 > excavation soil friction angle Φ2 > excavation viscous cohesion C2 >fill's width B. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research of Classification System of Mountain Highway Site YAN Wei，KANG Qian,XIAO Kuixiang，HUANG Xihe，XIE Chunling, 2016, 35(4): 56-59.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.12 Abstract ( )   PDF (1100KB) ( )   To meet the demand for highway construction site classification and evaluation in trunk road design, the “mountain highway site evaluation model” was established by combining the unascertained degree theory with AHP. The three aspects of geological conditions, geomorphic conditions, environmental conditions were overall considered, and the nine dominating factors including the saturated uniaxial compressive strength of rock mass, characteristics of rock mass structures, rock softening coefficient etc had been selected to work as unascertained measure model discrimination index. AHP was used to check the index weight respectively and finally highway construction site types were classified by reliability recognition criterion. This proposed model was used in S304 highway retrofit project in Hunan province and generated the result that this jobsite fell into category of difficult construction constraints,which well coincides with the reality. Thus it is proved that this model can be applied to highway construction site type classification and the analysis results can provide significant basis for highway design and construction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Port & Waterway · Hydraulic & Hydroelectric · Resources & Environment

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Reciprocating Shear Characteristics of Contact Interface Between Broken Mudstone and Steel Casing LIANG Yue, , , LIU Zeyu, , ZHANG Qiang, , YUAN Ye, 2016, 35(4): 60-64.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.13 Abstract ( )   PDF (1212KB) ( )   The change of shear characteristics of steel-soil contact interface with different cyclic shear cycles was studied by improving the indoor direct shear apparatus and controlling the graduation, dry density, moisture content and so on. The change of shear stress and normal displacement with different shear cycles was recorded respectively under normal stress from 100, 200, 300 kPa to 400 kPa. The relation curve between shear stress and displacement, the ultimate shearing stress and the rule of normal displacement changing with cyclic shear cycles were analyzed by the introduction Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. It is discovered that: a) the relationship curve between shear stress and displacement is found to be stable after a sharp rise; b) both the ultimate shearing stress and the normal displacement have a gradual decrease trend with the increase of the number of cyclic shear cycles, and intend to be stable at a certain number of shear cycles; c) with the increase of the number of cyclic shear cycles, the cohesive force firstly increases, and then gradually decreases, and tends to be stable finally; and the internal friction angle tends to be stable after a gradual decrease. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Shearing Characteristics of Sandstone-mudstone Particle Mixture under Reciprocating Direct Shear WANG Junjie, WU Xiao, 2016, 35(4): 65-69.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.14 Abstract ( )   PDF (1194KB) ( )   By improving the ZJ typed strain control direct shear apparatus, reciprocating shear tests on sandstone-mudstone particle mixture were carried out. As the result of number of reciprocating cuttings, a series of changes of shear force, shear displacement, vertical displacement,shear strength etc were analyzed. The research results show that in the process of reciprocating shearing the sandstone-mudstone particle mixture, the shear stress-shear displacement relation presented trend of change in shape of "shuttle" generally and increasingly overlap where the specimen undertook notable vertical displacement. With the increase of cyclic shear cycles changed, cohesive force presented a tread of increasing and then stabilization meanwhile friction angle also showed a tread of decreasing followed by the final stabilization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Shear Strength Property of Over-consolidated Expansive Soil andSlope Stability WU Junhua, YANG Song 2016, 35(4): 70-74.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.15 Abstract ( )   PDF (1241KB) ( )   Natural expansive soil acquires the property of over-consolidation through long term drying-wetting cycles. The remolded triaxial samples of expansive soil with the OCR 1.5 were prepared. The triaxial drained tests were carried out and the peak shear strength and residual shear strength were obtained. Hence,the relationship between the generalized plastic shear strain and exertions of shear strength was established using hardening-softening function. This function was introduced into the strain-hardening/softening constitutive model in FLAC3D and the over-consolidated expansive soil slope stability was analyzed combined with strength reduction method. The results showed that the normal-consolidated expansive soil slope stability could be evaluated by stability coefficient because of smaller generalized plastic shear strain; the over-consolidated expansive soil slope stability should be comprehensively evaluated by both generalized plastic shear strain and stability coefficient. The slope failure may happen because generalized plastic shear strain is so big although the stability coefficient is greater than one. The over-consolidation of expansive soil affects the strength and deformation obviously and should not be neglected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Test-bed and Model Test for One-dimensional Heat and Moisture Transfer in Soils ZENG Zhaotian,LV Haibo,XU Yunshan，TANG Shuanghui，HE Haiyang 2016, 35(4): 75-82.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.16 Abstract ( )   PDF (2936KB) ( )   The test-bed was developed for simulating soil one-dimensional heat and moisture transfer process. Then, the soil heat and moisture effect under the impact of temperature gradient and moisture gradient was discussed, and the interaction between moisture migration and heat transfer was verified. On these bases, the deep analysis of soil heat and moisture transfer mechanism was presented. The results are shown: The developed test-bed has the properties of simple operation and accurate temperature controlling, which can be effectively used for simulating soil one-dimensional heat and moisture transfer effect. The rate of heat transfer is very slow in testing soil column and the soil near the heat source has the maximum temperature gradient; with distance from heat source increasing, the soil temperature decreases rapidly; the temperature influence range is wider with the larger temperature difference between the hot and cold sides. Compared with initial water content and dry density of soil, the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides is the main factor of affecting the temperature field in testing soil column. After being heated, the water content distribution curve of testing soil column is in turn divided into three segments that is temperature difference diffuser, common diffuser and undisturbed segment. The heat and moisture transfer is a complex process which is driven by multiple mechanisms with coupling of multiphase and multi-component. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Enrichment Characteristics of Groundwater in Chongqing Southeast and Northeast Karst Areas LV Yuxiang，HU Wei , ZHOU Jun 2016, 35(4): 83-87.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.17 Abstract ( )   PDF (2002KB) ( )   Combining with the recent implementation in Chongqing Southeast and Northeast karst area of 1∶50 000 hydrogeological investigation and water demonstration project, karst groundwater enrichment characteristicswas studied, The influence degree of formation lithology, topography, geological structure and physiographic stages on karst groundwater enrichment; karst groudwater had uneven distribution of time and space. According to different stratum, topography, geological structure conditions, karst groundwater was divided into three types: extremely inhomogeneity, inhomogeneity, relatively uniform. According to karst groundwater circulation conditions and hydrodynamic characteristics, the study area of the water rich block was divided into confluence type, shunt type, discharge type, fractured type.The direction of developing and utilizing was proposed, and the basis for the development and utilization of karst waterwas provided . References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A General Planning Method for Shallow Geothermal Energy Development and Utilization in Central Chongqing Municipal Area ZHANG Furen，JIAO Xiaoyu，TAO Jiaxiang，PENG Qingyuan，LIU Xianyan，ZHU Shibao 2016, 35(4): 88-92.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.18 Abstract ( )   PDF (1154KB) ( )   In order to solve the difficult and complex problems in preparing a detailed plan for shallow geothermal energy exploration and development, a generalized planning method for shallow geothermal energy development and utilization was proposed, which combined shallow geothermal energy suitability zoning and overall municipal construction plan together, and the general plan for scientific development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy in the municipal central area was made according to it. The results show that, of the central town zone, the key area intended for intensive development of geothermal energy under the plan represents 75.7%. This indicates that majority area of central Chongqing has considerable potential shallow geothermal energy for development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Traffic & Transportation Engineering

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Vulnerability Analysis of Subway Network Based on Complex Network Theory WU Xianguo, HUANG Yanhua, LIU Huitao,ZHANG Limao, WU Kebao 2016, 35(4): 93-99.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.19 Abstract ( )   PDF (1327KB) ( )   Aiming at the problem that node failure caused by the emergencies will seriously affect the efficiency of the subway operations, to solve the problem, an analysis method was proposesed to analyze the vulnerability of subway network based on complex network theory. By taking current Wuhan subway network for example, by used of Pajek tool, a topological structure of the current city subway network was established,which covered 58 stations and 57 connecting edges to systematically analyze the static and dynamic vulnerability levels of urban subway network in case of facing random attack and purposeful attack . The results show the successive purposeful attacks on nodes will cause most damages to railway network, random attacks will cause secondary damages and purposeful attack on single node point will cause minimum damage to the railway network. The node point of bigger degree is the vulnerable point in the line network. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Optimization of the Road Network Traffic Organization under the Impact of Urban Subway Construction SONG Yongchao, ZHENG Kaili ,YANG Xianying 2016, 35(4): 100-105.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.20 Abstract ( )   PDF (1576KB) ( )   By analyzing the negative impact on resident trip due to the urban subway construction, the optimized traffic organization in the affected urban road network was proposed for reducing congestion induced by track works. Combining with the software TransCAD, the traffic organization optimization in the road section affected by subway works was analyzed based on the the survey data of every station along the metro line. The optimization scheme by using the regional saturation and the regional average speed as the evaluation index was made and the ideas and suggestions for improving the implementation methods from three aspects of pedestrians, vehicles and bus system was proposed. Improved traffic organization under the subway construction based on TransCAD facilitates solving the traffic organization problems and is closer to the reality operations, and provides the reference for traffic organization for following subway construction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Methods of Traffic Impact Area Determination Based on Service Levelduring Road Construction Period JIANG Kang,SHI Zhangpeng,CHEN Xi,ZHANG Weihua 2016, 35(4): 106-111.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.21 Abstract ( )   PDF (1600KB) ( )   Based on service level, and taking zero degradation of overall service level of saturation at intersection as convergence condition, a method of defining the traffic impact area induced by road construction was raised by employment of the concept of characteristic signalized intersection after comparing with the existing method of traffic impact definition for existed construction project. By comparing the degree of service level of intersection saturation before and after road construction, the impacted area by road construction could be defined. The results of application examples show that the overall service level of saturation at intersection is effective in determining traffic impact area during the construction period of the road for its practically significance and thus can provide a reference for urban infrastructure construction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on an Intelligent Vehicle Tracking System in Indoor Parking Based on Android Platform LI Huarong ，PAN Guobing ，ZHAO Yi ，WU Hualing 2016, 35(4): 112-115.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.22 Abstract ( )   PDF (2208KB) ( )   In order to find a solution to the headache problem that it is difficult for car owners to locate their cars in a large indoor parking building, an intelligent car tracking system was put forward. These performances of accurate positioning of car, reverse tracking and real-time path leading were achieved by use of the technology of Android intelligent cellphone as information collecting and processing terminal, in combination with technology of QR code scan for positioning , the indoor navigating technology of inertial sensor, ArcGIS map service and offline map package, and the technology of ArcGIS API for Android .Software was designed and put into practice was proved in the large indoor parking building. The results of testing proved the feasibility of the technological solution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization for Emergency Evacuation Network Based on CTM LIN Guolong, HU Wenjing, MENG Yanping, DING Yi, DONG Chunfeng 2016, 35(4): 116-120.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.23 Abstract ( )   PDF (1118KB) ( )   More and more disasters threat our lives and property deeply. Although most of these disasters could not have been avoided, significant improvements in death counts and reported property losses could have been made by efficient evacuation. Based on the CTM, an emergency evacuation model was built with the total travel time to be minimized as its objective function. Then the first model was transformed by AARC and duality theory. The model becomes easy to be calculated. The case study shows that AARC can decrease the uncertainty and be used for evacuation decision. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vehicle Lane Changing Analysis Based on Fuzzy Reasoning QIU Xiaoping, MA Lina 2016, 35(4): 121-126.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.24 Abstract ( )   PDF (1142KB) ( )   To effectively solve the problem of driver’s uncertainty of surrounding perceived during his lane change, the fuzzy cluster analysis was initially applied to analyze driver’s behavior of lane changing. The fuzzy cluster analysis method was proposed to divide the fuzzy cluster after variable input to obtain corresponding Gaussian membership function. Takagi-Sugenoinference method was used in fuzzy reasoning and de-fuzzy treatment for behavior of lane changing.NGSIM data was used to calibrate the parameters of the fuzzy reasoning model established and analyze the reasoning results. The results show that: by the use of fuzzy clustering method to determine the membership function, the true data itself and driver’s psycho-physiological characteristics can be reflected and when compared with lane change decision made in reality , this inference method achieved correction rate up to 81%, which fully verified the feasibility of fuzzy inference in study of discrete issues and this method can be further used in development of automated driving, driver-aiding systems. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Public Transportation Share Rate Calculation Model Construction and Empirical WEN Xuli,ZHANG Zhenyu,YANG Tao 2016, 35(4): 127-132.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.25 Abstract ( )   PDF (1222KB) ( )   Research showed that the factors influencing public transportation share ratio included two :first was the influence of decision-makers（the government planners and city-land utilization）; the second was the influence of users mainly reflected in the travel cost, travel time and the comfort.The above mentioned main factors were selected affecting public transportation share ratio, namely public interests and individual interests based on multi-objective function, and then constructed multi-target calculation model was set up to calculate public transportation share ratio and solving steps of this model were provided. For public interest factors, road occupancy area was selected to construct calculation model; for the individual , generalized-cost and in-car-congestion-level calculation model was built. Finally, relevant data of Nanjing were used to calibrate the model, and then this model was applied to Nanjing. The calculating results showed the irrational area occupied by public traffic, reasonable cost and unsuitable congestion level during rush hours. These calculation results coincided with the reality of public traffic in Nanjing, thus proving that the model could be applied to calculate the public transportation share ratio in big cities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Traffic Capacity of Signalized Intersections on Collection and Distribution Road of Container Port TANG Guolei，LIU Hanqing，WANG Wenyuan 2016, 35(4): 133-136.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.26 Abstract ( )   PDF (1965KB) ( )   The function relationships between saturation flow rate and the phase lost time at the time of entering of large truck was analyzed through the establishment of microscopic traffic simulation model to further obtain the traffic capacity at signal-controlled intersection of port road. The results of simulation reveal that the saturation flow value and heavy truck rate is in the functional relationship of inverse proportion while the phase lost time value and rate of heavy trucks is in quadratic function relationship. Practical examples show that the calculated value resulted by the method proposed is very close to the actual traffic capacity value without little deviation, which justifies the rationality and effectiveness of this given method. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Models of Identification and Formulation Cause Analysis on Accident Black Spots of Mountainous Highway WEN Huiying, WU Yaping, QI Weiwei 2016, 35(4): 137-140.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.27 Abstract ( )   PDF (1881KB) ( )   Considering the complex formation causes of accident black spots of mountainous highway, based on defining accident black spots and dividing identified road sections dynamically, the identification model on accident black spots of mountainous highway was built. The model was based on the number of equivalent accidents. According to calculation results, blackness of accident black spots was divided and defined accordingly. Then, the rough set theory was used to analyze various unfavorable factors so as to diagnose the primary and secondary formation causes of accident black spots. And the judgment matrix of AHP was adopted to quantify each index weight of main cause. Furthermore, in order to get best improvement, the greater indexes, weights should be treated in priority. Thus, driving safety of mountainous highway can be improved effectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Validity and Reliability of the Revised Driving Anger Scale for Chinese Drivers FENG Zhongxiang, LEI Yewei,ZHUO Muxiong,ZHANG Weihua, LIU Xiaofeng, WANG Kun 2016, 35(4): 141-145.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.28 Abstract ( )   PDF (986KB) ( )   To revise Chinese driving anger scale and check its reliability and validity for Chinese driving crowd, the translated driving anger scale with some items added or removed was applied to test the professional and non-professional drivers and total 232 valid questionnaires were obtained. A finalized Chinese version of DAS was achieved through the project analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability and validity test. The total driving anger scale revised consisted of 20 items, which contained 4 dimensions: traffic obstructions, discourtesy, illegal driving and slow-speed driving. Pearson correlations between total scale and the factors were in range from 0.64 to 0.84, P＜0.01, which reflected the good validity. The internal consistency coefficient Cronbach’s α of the total scale reached 0.90, and the Cronbach’s α of each subscale were from 0.75 to 0.81, which indicated that the scale had good stability. The driver’s age was negatively correlated with his scores of traffic obstruction and illegal driving （r=-0.14，-0.15）while driving age with slow driving(r=-0.14) ; driving mileage in previous year was negatively correlated with his scores of traffic obstruction, scores of illegal driving, slow driving and sum in the scale（r=-0.22，-0.38，-0.25，-0.24）. The total mileage covered was negatively correlated with the scores of traffic obstruction, illegal driving, slow driving and sum in the scale table (r=-0.20,-0.36,-0.21,-0.26). The non-professional driver’s scores of illegal driving and slow driving were higher than the same of professionals and P＜0.05. The revised driving anger scale conforms to Chinese culture and driving habits thus presenting good reliability and validity and thus can be used as a measuring tool for driving anger assessment and subsequent study on driving behaviors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimal Research of Order Picking for Logistics Center Based on eM-Plant LE Meilong, LI Yanyan 2016, 35(4): 146-151.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.29 Abstract ( )   PDF (1493KB) ( )   In order to reduce the walking time and improve the efficiency of picking, the simulation environment and model were established in the context of a real logistics center and on the platform of eM-Plant. On this basis, actual data of a warehouse distribution center was used for the study of storage strategy; order batching, routing planning and zone order picking strategy. On the storage strategy, the correlation between materials was taken into account and the software WEKA was used for this purpose. On the way of order batching, two combination methods, based on the order number and based on the item number, were taken into consideration. The simulation result shows that five to eight orders combination way or 50 order items combination way is the best method of order batching. On the routing planning strategy, Z glyph, “8” glyph and new middle path strategy were studied respectively. The results suggest that the new midpoint path strategy is the first choice. On the zoning strategy, the use of dynamic partitioning according to the workload can effectively reduce the waiting time of workers and also increase the collaborative. The proposed methods have applied to a distribution warehouse in practical operation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Model and Algorithm for Yard Crane Scheduling Based on Container Groups LIANG Chengji, ZHOU Cong, LU Bo 2016, 35(4): 152-157.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.30 Abstract ( )   PDF (1170KB) ( )   To improve the operation efficiency of yard crane, considering such constraints of compulsory safety distance and forbidden intercrossing in case of the handling of container group, for the purpose of the container group under handling order, a MIP model was established for yard crane scheduling problem in order to minimize the operation time of container groups subject to handling sequence during the fixed span. According to the characteristics of the problem, a genetic algorithm was developed and the chromosome representation was structured on the handling sequence of container groups. Finally, the MIP model and solution algorithm were proved by numerical experiments. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of Left-turn Waiting Area on Capacity of Intersection Based on Microscopic Characteristics SHEN Jiajun, WANG Qun, CAO Zhiming 2016, 35(4): 158-162.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.31 Abstract ( )   PDF (1018KB) ( )   To explore the impacts of waiting area for left-turning on capacity of intersection, the types of lanes for left-turning and shapes of queuing vehicles waiting for left turning were divided; the capacity increments of left-turning vehicles due to extended waiting area was analyzed and the reduction of left turning traffic volume resulted from the prolonged green light interval and increased capacity of through vehicles due to improved queuing conditions were calculated. The comprehensive calculation model for capacity of intersection was developed. The capacity increment of left-turning traffic was calculated corresponding to different length of left-turn waiting area and widened lane exclusive for left-turning and different acceleration of left-turning vehicles through an example. The results indicate that the left-turning traffic capacity increases both with the extended length of waiting area and acceleration of left-turning vehicles and the relation between them can be expressed with linear function and logarithmic function respectively. In addition, left-turning traffic waiting zone exerts decreasing impact on capacity of through traffic with the extended length of widened lane exclusive for left-turning traffic. This research results can provide some theoretical basis and support for decision on arrangement of the waiting area for left-turning traffic. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Departure Time and Route Choice Model Based on Travel Profit CHEN Lingjuan,DAI Jiong，WANG Dianhai 2016, 35(4): 163-167.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.32 Abstract ( )   PDF (1117KB) ( )   In order to study the travel behavior of choosing departure time and route simultaneously at peak time, an arrival prospect model was built based on prospect theory by aiming at the three reference points including acceptable earliest arrival time, work starting point and the best moment of arrival. Meanwhile the impedance in travel process was considered on basis of arrival prospect and the travel benefit was defined.Two important models aiming at achieving maximum travel benefits were established, namely, the model of the departure time choice and the model of the path choice. A nested iterative method was introduced to calculate the traffic flow distributed on each route on each departure time under research. The analysis example results show that: the traffic flow on route presents double peaks on the axle indicating departure time and since the path impedance in the travel process is considered, the flow general distribution by departure time is more flat with less variation compared with the distribution by arrival prospect but the total impedance is in tendency of increase. This phenomenon reflects the individual’s pursuit of travel benefits. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Vehicle & Electromechanical Engineering

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Research on Refrigerated Sub-frame Connection Mode ZHU Maotao，HE Songlin，LIU Tao 2016, 35(4): 168-172.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.33 Abstract ( )   PDF (1611KB) ( )   The vehicle frame of refrigerated vehicle manufactured by a company was studied. By use of both softwares of CATIA and ANSYS, by setting up finite element model and simulating the sub-frame assembly and use of a selected reasonable contact algorithm, the strength of vehicle frame and bolts under typical loading cases were analyzed by means of finite element. The impact induced by connecting mode of thrust plates applied in the sub-frame on the whole vehicle frame were explored. In the end, the proposals for improving the connecting mode of the said sub-frame were put forward.Finally, such advantages of sleepers and graphite in connecting mode design which can achieve full connection and relieve stress were analyzed, which provide important basis for further optimized design of connection mode of sub-frame. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Analysis of the Warpage of Thin-wall Plastic Part for Fiber Reinforced Plastic ZHANG Jixiang, YIN Xiaoyi, LIU Fengzhi, YANG Pan 2016, 35(4): 173-178.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.34 Abstract ( )   PDF (1100KB) ( )   The thin-wall plastic part with average thickness of 1 mm was selected as the researched object, and plastics of different glass fiber content were selected. Aiming at achieving minimum warpage, and the mold flow analysis software Moldflow combined with the orthogonal experimental method was used to study the effects on the warpage of the plastic part due to glass fiber content and mold temperature, melt temperature, injection time and other parameters, and the optimal process parameters combination and glass fiber content were obtained. The results showed that glass fiber content and injection time are significant factors affecting the warpage of the plastic part. The injection molding process scheme which generated minimum warpage of the plastic parts smallest is one at mold temperature 65 ℃, melt temperature 260 ℃, injection time 2 s, packing pressure 85 MPa, packing time 4 s, and glass fiber content 10%. It is concluded that appropriate content of glass fiber can obviously reduce the warpage of the thin-wall plastic part. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Buy-back Contract Incorporating Fairness with a Dominant Retailer WEI Guangxing, YIN Yaxian 2016, 35(4): 179-184.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.04.35 Abstract ( )   PDF (1127KB) ( )   Fairness ,in existence but usually neglected, was introduced into the retailer-dominated buy-back contract. The model was established to study the impact of fairness on the optimal decision of supplier and retailer and the coordination of buy-back contract. The results of analysis show that in the retailer-dominated supply chain the buy-back contract could not reach coordination and is irrelevant to fairness degree of members from supply chain. However, fairness influence the member’s optimal decision of the supply chain. It meant that retailer's optimal order went down with the increase of the fairness of the retailer or supplier,and supplier's optimal wholesale price dropped with the increase of the retailer’s fairness but rose with the increase of the supplier’s fairness. References | Related Articles | Metrics