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19 November 2017, Volume 36 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Bridge & Tunnel Engineering
Highway & Railway Engineering
Port & Waterway · Hydraulic & Hydroelectric · Resources & Environment
Traffic & Transportation Engineering
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Bridge & Tunnel Engineering

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Influence of Pouring Cycle Schemes of Externally Wrapped Concrete of Concrete Arch Bridge with Stiff Skeleton on Structure Mechanics WU Haijun, WANG Miaomin, LIU Ping 2017, 36(11): 1-6.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.01 Abstract ( )   PDF (677KB) ( )   Taking Guansheng-Qujiang River Grand Bridge in construction in Guang’an as the research object, Midas/Civil 2015 was used to establish the finite element models of four different pouring cycle schemes respectively, and the complete construction process was calculated. The influence of different pouring cycle schemes on the structure mechanics during the externally wrapped concrete pouring process outside arch ring was discussed. It is discovered that the pouring cycle number will significantly affect the stress of stiff skeleton and the externally wrapped concrete. The greater the number, the gentler stress change and the less the stress of stiff skeleton. And the influence of the value of m1 on the stress of externally wrapped concrete is obvious. On the premise of meeting the bearing capacity, stability and construction safety, the greater the value of m1, the less stress of the externally wrapped concrete is. Finally, some suggestions are given in view of the construction speed and the stress of the structure. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Residual Stress and Strain of Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient on Thick Plate Welding HE Xiongjun, HE Jiangyuan 2017, 36(11): 7-10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.02 Abstract ( )   PDF (1219KB) ( )   The impact of convective heat transfer coefficient on the residual stress and strain of butt welding was mainly investigated. Therefore, the reference for the cooling method of the existing important welding components (such as the bridge large tensile anchor plate) was given. The finite element simulation calculation of the welding parts was carried out by ABAQUS software, and the numerical value of convective heat transfer coefficient was changed to simulate the impact of cooling speed on residual stress and strain of thick plate welding. The research shows that: the calculation results of the welding zone with different cooling speed have no difference in magnitude, and it is also found that the influence of the convective heat transfer coefficient on the residual stress and strain of the component after welding is not monotonous linear relationship. In a moderate condition of convective heat transfer coefficient, the residual stress and strain of thick plate welding can reach the minimum. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Linear Control Method of Cantilever Assembly of Long Span Continuous Steel Truss Bridge WANG Ling, WANG Tao, WANG Rongxia 2017, 36(11): 11-15.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.03 Abstract ( )   PDF (511KB) ( )   Taking the construction process of a large span continuous steel truss bridge as the background, the linear control method of the cantilever assembly process was studied. The finite element software MIDAS Civil was used to establish the steel truss beam bridge model in construction phase. Through the analysis on the effect of different pre-elevation on the linear control of assembly process, the formula for pre-elevation reasonable setting was derived, which determined the initial installation position of steel girder erection and the control alignment of the suspension process. Combined with the construction monitoring data, the analysis was carried out. The results show that the measured alignment is basically consistent with the predicted alignment, which indicates that the linear control method of setting pre-elevation is practical and effective. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Parameters Optimization of Fracture Belt Support Based on Numerical Analysis and Field Test RONG Yao1, WANG Chunyang2, SUN Yang1, MAO Mengyun1 2017, 36(11): 16-22.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.04 Abstract ( )   PDF (649KB) ( )   In order to control the surrounding rock deformation and ensure the construction safety, combined with the phenomena that excessive deformation and local collapse appeared when Chuanding’ai Tunnel crossed the fault fracture zone, the supporting scheme that steel arch frame spacing was decreased with the increase of primary support strength was proposed. And two groups of programs were selected to carry out the comparative analysis research. Firstly, the steel arch and bolt were calculated respectively by numerical simulation; secondly, in the field monitoring experiment, two groups of test sections were selected; thirdly, the surrounding rock deformation, pressure jet concrete, steel arch stress and initial supporting surrounding rock pressure were monitored and tested on site with two different branch supporting parameters, which verified the feasibility of the support optimization. The research shows that in the primary support parameter optimization of fault fracture zone, the supporting effect of bolting is not ideal, whereas the effect of steel arch is significant, which has a good control effect on the large deformation of surrounding rock. Therefore, it is known that the support optimization measures with concentrating the steel arch support to increase the primary support strength and appropriately weakening the anchor to reduce the process and the cost is feasible when the tunnel crosses through the fault fracture zone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Highway & Railway Engineering

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Application of BIM Technology in Highway Design SUN Jiancheng, LI Yongxin, WANG Xindan 2017, 36(11): 23-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.05 Abstract ( )   PDF (1756KB) ( )   The application of BIM technology has become more frequent in the traditional building industry. However, the application of BIM technology is still in its infancy in China’s highway industry. Based on the concept and characteristics of BIM technology, BIM structure tree and technical route were established for highway engineering design phase. Taking a secondary highway project in China as an example, PowerCivil software was used to elaborate the model building process and the application process of BIM at the design stage.Some technical ideas and practical experience were provided to promote the application of BIM technology in the design phase of China’s highway engineering. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stress-Strain Response of Prefabricated Cement Concrete with Circular Tongue and Groove Joints YAN Qiurong1, PENG Qiteng2 2017, 36(11): 28-32.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.06 Abstract ( )   PDF (1028KB) ( )   Numerical analysis was adopted to analyze the stress-strain response of the prefabricated cement concrete with circular tongue and groove joints caused by the variation of span-vector ratio under the standard axle load. The conclusions show that: different span-vector ratios corresponding to mechanical behaviors of different configuration plates vary; the larger span-vector ratio is beneficial to the mechanical behavior of convex plate; however, the smaller span-vector ratio is beneficial to mechanical behavior of concave plate. Different span-vector ratios have great impact on the deflection displacement and load transfer performance of the tongue and groove joints: when the span-vector ratio is 2.5, tongue and groove joints are of the most unfavorable stress state; when the span-vector ratio is 3.5, tongue and groove joints have the best ability of load transfer. Choosing a reasonable span-vector ratio is beneficial to prevent the early destroy of tongue and groove joints, which can extend the service life of the pavements. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study on Strength Performance of Cement Stabilized Gravel Mix under Vibration Stirring LI Rukai1, LUOSANG Cicheng2, WANG Huoming1, ZHOU Gang3, LIU Miqiang3 2017, 36(11): 33-36.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.07 Abstract ( )   PDF (399KB) ( )   In order to recommend a better mixing way of cement stabilized gravel for practical projects in Tibet, the indoor unconfined compressive strength test and practical projects core strength test were adopted, to carry out the comparative study on the variation law of compressive strength and the variation coefficient of cement stabilized gravel of different curing age in conventional mixing process and vibration stirring process. The test results show that the increase of the compressive strength of cement stabilized gravel mix is relatively slow under special climatic conditions of Ali district in Tibet. Compared with the conventional stirring process, the variation coefficient of the strength of cement stabilized gravel mix after vibration stirring is reduced; the mixing of the mixture is more uniform, the compressive strength can be increased by 10%~15%, and the road performance can be improved. With the same designed compressive strength conditions, the vibration stirring technique can reduce the amount of cement, save the project cost and reduce the primary crack. Therefore, it is suggested that the vibration stirring technique can be adopted in the area with the shortage of road construction materials in Tibet to improve the strength and stability of cement stabilized base. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Split Resilient Modulus Master Curve of Asphalt Mixture Constructed in Rain Weather Based on Time-Temperature Conversion Principle WANG Hongchen 2017, 36(11): 37-43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674 -0696.2017.11.08 Abstract ( )   PDF (481KB) ( )   2 groups of specimens were molded in laboratory (with and without short-term aging procedure) and 2 groups of core samples were drilled from pavement (constructed in normal and rain condition). And then the volume parameters and split resilient modulus (5 temperature levels and 6 frequency levels) of the above 4 groups of specimens were tested by the AC-20 mixture split resilient modulus master curve generated by time-temperature equivalent principle, and the master curves of these four groups of specimens at 20℃ were compared and analyzed. The results show that it is feasible to simulate the mixing and heating process of asphalt mixture for aging of asphalt by short-term indoor accelerated aging test; the splitting resilient modulus of mixtures will be less sensitive and dependent on loading frequency with the increase of loading frequency; if the asphalt mixture encounters rain weather in construction process, the volume parameters of mixture will meet the requirements of specification, but there will be much decrease of split resilient modulus and mechanics performance; according to sigmoidal model of split resilient modulus,when the temperature is 20℃ and loading frequency is 10Hz, the mixture split resilient modulus will decrease by 42.5%. Therefore, it is suggested that the weather changes in asphalt mixture construction process should be paid close attention to and the mixing floor production status should be adjusted timely; meanwhile, it should be guaranteed to immediately stop the construction when rain condition is encountered. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Environmental Benefits Analysis on Asphalt Pavement Hot Recycling Technologies BI Lianju1, ZHAO Bo1, CAI Haiquan2, 3, ZHU Haoran2, 3 2017, 36(11): 44-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.09 Abstract ( )   PDF (334KB) ( )   Life cycle assessment (LCA) method was adopted to accurately evaluate the environmental benefits of asphalt pavement hot recycling technologies. The evaluation index system of energy conservation and emission reduction was established. Through field investigation and data analysis, the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission (GHG) of milling and repaving (M&R), hot in-place recycling and hot in-plant recycling technologies were calculated respectively. The environmental benefits of energy conservation and emission reduction and recycling were evaluated. The results show that, compared with M&R, hot in-place recycling technologies can save more than 30% energy consumption and realize 100% recycling of old pavement materials. And for hot in-plant recycling, the energy consumption and GHG is slightly higher when the content of RAP is 10%;the energy conservation and emission reduction benefits is obvious when the RAP content reaches 30% and 50%, meanwhile, the old pavement materials can be recycled at different degrees. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Port & Waterway · Hydraulic & Hydroelectric · Resources & Environment

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Application of Impacted Image Method to Water-Seepage Disease Testing of Hydraulic Structure ZHU Renjie, CHE Ailan, HUI Xiangyu, FENG Shaokong 2017, 36(11): 48-55.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0696.2017.11.10 Abstract ( )   PDF (1524KB) ( )   The impacted image method is a kind of nondestructive examination method based on the principle of elastic wave reflection, which has advantages of rapid detection and visualization of results. And it can fast evaluate the underground medium along the vertical and horizontal directions Aiming at the characteristics and common diseases of hydraulic structure and its foundation, the correlation analysis on elastic wave propagation characteristics, defect location and defect size was carried out by dynamic finite element method, which was taking the characteristics of elastic wave propagation in multilayer medium with different interface as the theoretical foundation. The relationship between the impact response energy of medium surface and defect location and size was especially focused. The plane distribution of defects in the medium was cleared. The impact factors on error of the impacted image method were also evaluated. On this basis, taking the concrete hydraulic structures seepage disease detection project as the background, the method which was adapt to the data acquisition, analysis, result correction and visualization processing of the hydraulic structure detection was discussed in detail. Finally, the defect distribution and possible infiltration paths were evaluated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on the Interaction between Pile and Soil during the Unidirectional Freezing LU Jianfei, SHUAI Jun, LIU Jinxin 2017, 36(11): 56-60.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.11 Abstract ( )   PDF (492KB) ( )   Based on the self-developed single pile-freezing soil model test device, the simulation experiment about the interaction between unidirectional freezing soil and pile was conducted. With the same water content, the variation trend of the temperature field of the soil around the pile, the uplift displacement at the pile top and the lateral friction at the pile base in the freezing soil were studied when the freezing temperature was -5℃, -10℃, and -15℃ respectively. The experiment results show that during the unidirectional freezing process, the temperature of the soil around the pile is changed gradually and is related to the freezing temperature; the uplift displacement at the pile top undergoes three stages, i.e., early freezing stage without obvious displacement, rapid growth stage and gradually steady stage; and the lower the freezing temperature, the larger the uplift displacement at the pile top; the distributions of the pile side friction with different freezing temperatures exhibit the similar law that the positive and negative frictions occur alternatively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Time-History Transferring Coefficient Method of Analysis on Slope Dynamic Stability DING Wangfei1,2，ZHANG Chunli1，ZHANG Naiji2 2017, 36(11): 61-65.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.12 Abstract ( )   PDF (425KB) ( )   The transferring coefficient method is one of common methods to calculate the slope stability. The horizontal seismic force is the main factor that affects the dynamic stability of the slope. Aiming at the transferring coefficient method for the traditional slope stability calculation, the time-history of seismic acceleration was classified as block transferring coefficient by seismic force in the transferring coefficient method. The time-history of transferring coefficient was calculated, and then the time-history of seismic dynamic stability coefficient was obtained. Therefore, the time-history transferring coefficient method of the analysis on the slope dynamic stability was proposed. According to the discussion on case studies, it is obtained that the transferring coefficient decreases early and increases later, and decreases again lastly when the seismic acceleration is greater than -0.2; conversely, the transferring coefficient presents the law of continuous decrease according to the block. When the seismic acceleration is less than 0, the direction of acceleration is the opposite direction of slope, which is beneficial for the slope stability; conversely, it will increase risks of the slope. With the increase of the seismic acceleration, the transferring coefficients of different blocks increase gradually and linearly. The failure of rock slope under the seismic force is lagging and sudden. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Climatically Induced Mechanism of Geological Disasters in Chongqing HUANG Mingkui, MA Lu 2017, 36(11): 66-70.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.13 Abstract ( )   PDF (405KB) ( )   Unusual climate has been one of the main problems for global environmental protection, engineering construction and operation today, and it is also one of the main factors that induced the geological disasters in mountainous areas. Chongqing is one of the most severe areas that generate geological disasters in China. To study the climatically induced mechanism of geological disasters in Chongqing, the climatic change characteristics, such as atmospheric temperature and rainfall intensity, and the coupling features of the geological disaster and climatic change were analyzed, which was based on the meteorological and geological disasters data since 1950 in Chongqing. Then, the climatically induced mechanism of geological disasters in Chongqing was studied. The results reveal the law of the geological disasters induced by climatic change especially extreme climate. The results also provide the technical reference for forecasting, preventing and treating geological disasters. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Traffic & Transportation Engineering

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Emergency Resources Allocation of Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based on Robust Optimization YANG Jiaqi1, ZHANG Wenfen1, 2 2017, 36(11): 71-77.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.14 Abstract ( )   PDF (445KB) ( )   According to maritime jurisdiction scope, the Three Gorges Reservoir area is divided into several waters. Considering the relevant regulations of the state and the risk of waters, the uncertain demand of emergency resources of Three Gorges Reservoir area was analyzed. On the basis of exploring the emergency resource allocation mechanism of water rescue base, the emergency resource allocation robust optimization model of Three Gorges Reservoir rescue base was established to minimize the total loss and time of the emergency resource allocation. Taking patrol ships as an example, the optimal allocation scheme of patrol ship under various uncertain demands was obtained. The findings show that: the robust optimal allocation scheme can basically achieve the overall optimization disposition effect. When the total number of disturbance demand is in the middle value, the patrol ship allocation system of the water rescue base in the Three Gorges Reservoir area shows better stability. At the same time, the maneuverability of the patrol ship is stronger, and the total number of patrol ships is the lowest. The research results are helpful for decision-makers’ choice of risk preference and have stronger practical significance, which can also provide reference for the allocation of emergency resources in similar waters of inland rivers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pre-signal Control of Comprehensive Waiting Area Based on Traffic Operation Benefit Evaluation CHENG Wei1, WANG Yong1, YUAN Manrong2 2017, 36(11): 78-84.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0696.2017.11.15 Abstract ( )   PDF (510KB) ( )   With the plane signal intersections as research objects, the change of main transportation operating parameters such as traffic capacity, delay and the number of stops before and after setting comprehensive waiting area at import channel under different saturation conditions was quantitatively analyzed. Combined with the setting rules of pre-signal control in comprehensive waiting area, two different pre-signal setting programs and calculation formulas coordinating with different phase sequences of main signal were given. Taking the actual survey data of Beijing Road-Linyu Road in Kunming as an example, VISSIM microscopic traffic simulation software was used to verify the evaluation results, which proved the validity of the theoretical analysis results. The research shows that: for the plane intersections of main roads in city under the oversaturated condition, setting comprehensive waiting area can effectively improve the traffic capacity and reduce the average delay, which significantly improves the traffic operation benefit of the intersection. However, unreasonable coordination program will bring negative impacts to the improvement of the comprehensive waiting area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Lane Changing Behavior on Traffic Flow at Signalized Intersection Based on Cellular Automata PENG Yong, WANG Gaofei, LIU Shijie, NIE Huadong 2017, 36(11): 85-89.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0696.2017.11.16 Abstract ( )   PDF (973KB) ( )   The situation that vehicles can’t complete lane changing behavior and have to stop before the guide line to wait for the change on urban roads has seriously influenced the road traffic.Cellular automata model at signalized intersection was used to simulate two kinds of lane changing behaviors. Two behaviors were respectively that vehicles couldn’t complete lane changing behavior and were forced to stop before the guide lane to wait for the change or continue to run. The effect of the behavior that vehicles couldn’t complete lane changing behavior and were forced to stop before the guide lane to wait for the change on the traffic flow was comparatively analyzed. The results show that the situation that parts of vehicles can’t complete the normal lane change and are forced to stop before the guide lane will seriously hinder the driving of vehicles at the rear, which will shorten the free travel time of vehicles, and increase the queuing delay time of vehicles during the red light. When the vehicles can’t complete lane changing behavior and are forced to stop before the guide lane, the traffic pressure can be released by reasonably adjusting the length of the guide lane. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Network Layout of Urban Self-service Public Taxi YANG Xinsheng1, WANG Qian1, PENG Wei2, GAO Zhibo2 2017, 36(11): 90-95.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.17 Abstract ( )   PDF (1308KB) ( )   According to the theory of “car sharing”, self-service public taxi is a means of transportation which is suitable for the short-time bi-directional travel in the city. The investigation on the intention of self-service public taxi and demand analysis was carried out. Under the limit of the total scale which was solved by grey forecast method, the alternative scheme of network layout based on the balance between supply and demand was obtained; on this basis, considering the total social investment and users’ interests, the bi-level programming model was established and the optimal scheme of network layout was obtained by the application of simulated annealing algorithm. At last, the empirical analysis was carried out in Changsha; the calculation scheme was compared with the schemes calculated out by other methods. The research results show that the simulated annealing algorithm is an effective algorithm, and bi-level programming model can be a good application to the network layout optimization. The economic benefit analysis shows that the network layout scheme meets the needs of the community and economic benefits. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reasonable Matching of Train Speed of Existing Line of Passenger and Freight Trains MA Si, LI Yuan, XU Chuanfen 2017, 36(11): 96-99.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.18 Abstract ( )   PDF (352KB) ( )   According to the change of the transport organization of existing lines after releasing the transport capacity, the reasonable speed level and speed matching principle of existing passenger lines were analyzed on the basis of the transportation quality and demand characteristics. According to the passenger line with different speed levels, the reasonable speed matching was studied. By analyzing “Chibi-Yueyang North” section in Wuhan-Guangzhou Line, a matching scheme that the passenger lines were proposed to retain the speed levels of 120 km/h and 160 km/h was obtained. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Vehicle &Electromechanical Engineering

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Optimization Analysis on Vehicle Lug Bracket Structure LIU Shaohua1, SHAO Tingting1, LU Jilei2 2017, 36(11): 100-105.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.11.19 Abstract ( )   PDF (2617KB) ( )   As one of key bearing parts of the suspension system and the frame, lug bracket was used by most heavy vehicles to connect the suspension system and the frame. Based on topology optimization theory and finite element method, Optistruct in Hyperworks was used to carry out the module design optimization, and the topology optimization of lug bracket was carried out, which was expected to obtain the optimal material distribution and a minimum mass in the premise of strength permit. After optimization, CAD model reconstruction was carried out. Compared with the static strength and modal of original, the results show that compared with the original parts, the quality of the new designed parts is reduced by 34.07%, the first order mode is improved by 6.81%, and the maximum stress is decreased by 5.38%. The proposed optimization method has practical engineering guidance for the improvement of vehicle structure design. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Parameters of Induction Heating Process on Bending Angle and Radius of Curvature of Q345 Steel ZHANG Jixiang1, 2, ZHOU Wei1, XU Yu1, ZHONG Li1, 2 2017, 36(11): 106-110.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0696.2017.11.20 Abstract ( )   PDF (884KB) ( )   Based on the finite element analysis software ANSYS and its APDL language, an electric-magnetic-heat-stress physic field coupling in the HFV (high frequency induction) heating formation was realized and a finite element model of three-dimensional mobile high frequency induction heating bending plate was established. The relationship between HFV bending plate forming targets and their process parameters was systematically studied. The results show that the steel plate bending angle increases first and then decreases with the increase of the heat source moving speed when the heating power is large; while, the bending angle decreases sharply with the increase of heat source moving speed when the heating power is relatively small. The radius of curvature of steel plate increases with the increase of heat source moving speed, and decreases with the increase of heating power. Finally, the function formula of the bending angle with the heating power and the heat source moving speed, and that of the curvature radius with the heating power and the heat source moving speed were established respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics