Abstract: In order to explore the attention distribution rules of the pilots before and after the single-engine failure, and to provide reference for flight training, the diamond 42 simulator and the head-mounted eye-tracker were used to build an experimental platform. 18 flight instructors and 18 students were selected to take part in the single-engine failure experiments. Flight parameters and eye movement data of the subjects were collected during the experiments. The response time, the fault processing time and the maximum heading change were used as performance metrics to determine whether a subject belonging to performance excellent group or poor group. Then, the gaze frequency of the two groups of subjects at each area of interest (AOI) of the main flight display was compared and analyzed before and after the single-engine failure. The results show that the subjects of group with poor performance pay too much attention to the attitude and heading of the aircraft after a single-engine failure, but fail to pay enough attention to the key engine indication system and the control interface, so their emergency handling is unskilled; while those of group with better performance can maintain reasonable allocation of attention resources to each instrument area and can increase the frequency of fixation to the AOIs at the same time, which plays a key role in the single-engine failure recovery.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering, single-engine failure, attention allocation, eye movement, emergency handling, flight training, frequency of fixation

摘要： 为了探究单发失效前后飞行员在处理特情时的注意分配规律，为飞行训练提供参考，利用钻石42模拟机和头戴式眼动仪等搭建实验平台，选取飞行教员和学员各18名参与单发失效实验，采集被试的飞行参数和眼动数据。以被试的反应时间、故障处理时间以及航向变化最值作为绩效衡量指标将被试分为绩效优组和绩效差组，然后对两组被试在单发失效前后在主飞行显示器各兴趣区(area of interest, AOI)的注视频率进行对比分析。结果表明：绩效差组在单发失效后过于关注飞机姿态和航向，对关键的发动机指示系统和操纵界面没有增加足够的关注，特情处置不熟练；而绩效优组能保持对所有仪表区域合理分配注意资源，同时增加对失效改出有关键作用的兴趣区域的注视频率。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 单发失效, 注意分配, 眼动, 特情处置, 飞行训练, 注视频率