Abstract: In order to find the change rule between the vehicle lane changing characteristics and the traffic flow speed of the target lane, the minimum safe distance and lane changing time between lane changing vehicles and the front and rear vehicles of the target lane were analyzed on the basis of the theory of vehicle lane change model and Bureau of Public Road (BPR) function model, taking two adjacent lanes of urban road as the research object. Also, for the 3 kinds of combinations of minimum safe distance, the influence time of lane change was determined. Based on the measured data, a model to describe the affected traffic speed on lane 2 was established when the vehicle changed lane from lane 3 to lane 2. The research results show that the time thresholds of lane changing and the speed difference between lane changing vehicle and target lane show a monotonic increasing trend, which shows a monotonous increasing law with acceleration; the traffic flow velocity of the target lane affected by the lane change is closely related with the flow rate of the adjacent two lanes and the acceleration of lane change vehicle. First of all, when the traffic volume of the lane where the lane- changing vehicles runs is between 500 to 600 pcu/h and the traffic volume of the target lane is between 0 to 500 pcu/h or when the traffic volume of the lane where the lane-changing vehicles runs is between 100 to 300 pcu/h and the traffic volume of the target lane is between 1 000 to 1 500 pcu/h, the behavior of vehicle lane changing has a greater impact on the speed of traffic flow in the target lane. Secondly, when the acceleration of the lane change vehicle is smaller, the variation of vehicle speed in the target lane due to lane change is greater; on the contrary, the smaller it is. Finally, when the acceleration of the lane change vehicle is 0.1~2.0 m/s2, the influence on the traffic speed of the target lane is greater. The influence is more seriously than others.

Key words: traffic engineering, influence model, lane change, urban road

摘要： 为寻找车辆变道特性与目标车道交通流速度之间的变化规律，以车辆变道模型和路阻函数(BPR)模型为理论基础，以城市道路单向相 邻两个车道为研究对象，分析了变道车辆与目标车道前、后车的最小安全距离和变道时间，并针对最小安全距离的3种组合情形，确定了变 道影响时间。基于实测数据，建立了车辆从车道3变道至车道2时，对车道2车流的速度影响模型。研究结果表明：变道时间阈值与变道车辆 与目标车道后车速度的差值呈现单调递增的变化趋势，与目标车道后车加速度呈现单调递增的规律；受变道影响的目标车道车流速度与相邻 两车道的流量和变道加速度密切相关；当变道车辆所在车道的流量为500~600 pcu/h且目标车道流量为0~500 pcu/h时，或者当变道车辆所在 车道的流量为100~300 pcu/h且目标车道流量为1 000~1 500 pcu/h时，车辆变道对目标车道车流速度的影响幅度较大；变道车辆的加速度越 小，由变道引起的目标车道车流速度的变化幅度越大，反之，则越小；当变道车辆的加速度为0.1~2.0 m/s2时，变道对目标车道的车流速度 影响较大。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 影响模型, 变道, 城市路段