Abstract: With the rapid development of autonomous driving technology, its application will provide more comfortable and convenient travel services. Due to its features such as autonomous driving, cruising and parking, it also enables shared use among family members. Taking household autonomous driving travel as the research object, an optimization model for household autonomous driving trip was constructed, which was based on household log surveys and intention data. Considering factors such as linkages and sequencing of family members’ travel activities, time window constraints, and differences between mandatory and flexible activity demands, autonomous driving trips for typical nuclear families and multi-generational families were optimized. The research indicates that the application of autonomous vehicles can significantly improve household travel efficiency, with total travel time for family members in typical nuclear and multi-generational families decreasing by 58.1% and 62.8%, respectively; carbon emission costs for nuclear families can be reduced by 26.2%. However, at the same time, due to the need for vehicles to undertake pick-up and drop off tasks that are originally completed by multiple vehicles and unmanned dispatch needs, the total mileage of vehicles for nuclear families and multi-generational families increase by 47.2% and 73.5%, respectively, with empty mileage accounting for around 30%. Therefore, measures such as optimizing household travel patterns, promoting vehicle sharing, and implementing charges for empty cruising are needed to mitigate these impacts, and then provide decision support for the future application of autonomous driving technology in household scenarios.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; urban traffic; autonomous driving travel; trip optimization; travel cost

摘要： 随着自动驾驶技术的快速发展，其应用将会带来更加舒适、便捷的出行服务，由于其具有自动行驶、巡航和停车等特征，也为家庭成员之间共享使用成为可能。笔者以家庭自动驾驶出行为研究对象，基于家庭日志调查和意向数据，构建家庭自动驾驶出行行程优化模型，考虑家庭成员出行活动关联和序列、时间窗约束、刚柔性活动需求差异等，对典型核心家庭与多代家庭自动驾驶出行行程进行优化。研究表明，自动驾驶汽车的应用可以显著提升家庭出行效率，在典型核心家庭与多代家庭案例中，家庭成员总出行时间分别降低了58.1%和62.8%；核心家庭的碳排放成本可降低26.2%。但同时，由于车辆需要承担原本由多车完成的接送任务及无人调度需求，核心家庭与多代家庭的车辆总行驶里程分别增加了47.2% 和73.5%，其中空驶里程占比均在30%左右。因此，需要通过家庭出行模式优化、车辆共享利用、空驶巡航收费等措施减少其带来的影响，进而为未来自动驾驶技术在家庭场景下的应用提供决策支持。

关键词: 交通运输工程；城市交通；自动驾驶出行；行程优化；出行成本