Abstract: In order to adapt to the needs of active traffic management strategies, the traffic flow characteristics of expressways were studied. Based on the traffic microwave radar detector data, the traffic flow wave speed theory and the macro traffic flow model were used to divide the traffic flow state into non-congested state, transitional state and congested state. According to the theory of traffic flow wave speed, the variation characteristics of density, speed and occupancy ratio of each lane under congestion state were analyzed, and the threshold of lane-level traffic state division was studied. The macro traffic flow models such as Pipes, Van Aerde and Newell were respectively used to fit the traffic flow section observation data and lane observation data, and the traffic flow parameters based on the macro traffic flow model were estimated. The research results show that there are significant differences in the traffic operation time series characteristics and traffic conditions of different lanes, and the Van Aerde model has the best fitting effect on the traffic flow operation data among the three classical models. Based on the comprehensive analysis results of traffic flow wave speed theory and macroscopic traffic flow models, the threshold for determining traffic flow state has been obtained.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; active traffic management; traffic flow feature parameters; traffic flow characteristics; theory of traffic flow wave speed

摘要： 为了适应主动交通管理策略需求，对快速路交通流特性进行研究。以交通微波雷达检测器数据为基础，应用交通流波速理论和宏观交通流模型，将交通流状态分为非拥堵状态、过渡状态和拥堵状态。根据交通流波速理论分析拥堵状态下各车道密度、速度和占有率的变化特性，研究了车道级交通流状态划分阈值；分别应用Pipes、Van Aerde和Newell宏观交通流模型对交通流断面观测数据与车道观测数据进行拟合，并对基于宏观交通流模型的交通流参数进行估计。研究结果表明: 不同车道的交通运行时序特性和交通流状态存在显著差异，3个经典模型中Van Aerde模型对交通流运行数据拟合效果最佳。综合交通流波速理论和宏观交通流模型分析结果，得到了交通流状态判定阈值。

关键词: 交通运输工程；主动交通管理；交通流特征参数；交通流特性；交通流波速理论