Abstract: In order to study the effect of glare on the ship night navigation safety in the sea light environment, the influence mechanism of glare on the night navigation ship drivers was analyzed in terms of human visual characteristics. According to the cognitive response mode of the ship navigators, the influence of glare on object recognition and visual adaptation was quantitatively analyzed from the aspects of resolving capability and visual comfort under the condition of mesopic vision. After that, a practical case of light environment of ship night navigation in Dayaowan waters in Dalian port was analyzed. The analysis results show that in the light environment of Dayaowan waters in Dalian port, the luminance, contrast and visual ergonomics of the signal light is low; and the degree of glare perception is between unbearable and interfering, and glare level is I. The research results provide an effective reference for the glare control and quantitative evaluation of the marine light environment.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering, night navigation ship navigators, glare, resolution capacity, visual comfort, luminance

摘要： 为了研究海上光环境中眩光对船舶夜航安全的影响，从人的视觉特性出发，探讨眩光对夜航船舶驾驶人员的影响机理。根据船舶驾驶人员的认知响应模式，在中间视觉的条件下从分辨能力、视觉舒适程度等方面进行量化分析眩光对物标识别和视觉适应的影响，并将其结合大连港大窑湾港区水域的船舶夜航光环境进行实例分析。结果表明：在该水域的海上光环境中信号灯的亮度对比度和视觉工效较低；眩光感受程度介于无法忍受和有干扰之间，眩光等级为Ⅰ。研究结果有望为海上光环境的眩光控制以及量化评价研究提供有效的参考。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 夜航船舶驾驶人员, 眩光, 分辨能力, 视觉舒适度, 亮度